Participação plurissocial para aumentar a inclusão e a assertividade nas tomadas de decisão em saúde relacionadas a tratamentos da osteoporose / Pluri-social participation to increase inclusion and assertiveness in health decision-making related to osteoporosis treatments

Embora as fraturas por fragilidade sejam importantes detratoras de qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde, aumentando a morbimortalidade e acarretando alto impacto clínico, psicossocial e econômico, elas são pouco valorizadas e negligenciadas por médicos e até mesmo por pacientes. Além disso, os critérios de priorização para avaliação de novas tecnologias, em geral, não consideram critérios além dos financeiros para uma tomada de decisão mais inclusiva e assertiva para o tratamento da população de mais alto risco de fratura. Assim, este artigo visa revisitar alguns diferentes pontos de vista e trazer uma reflexão sobre critérios e prioridades na osteoporose. Para isso, foi considerada a perspectiva de múltiplos atores no processo de tomada de decisão em saúde, bem como analisadas as falhas na atenção a uma doença de alta prevalência e que, além do grande impacto econômico gerado para a sociedade, causa repercussões emocionais, incapacidade gerada por fraturas e medo de novas quedas ou pequenos traumas.

Although fragility fractures are important detractors of health-related quality of life, increasing morbidity and mortality and causing a high clinical, psychosocial, and economic impact, they are undervalued and neglected by physicians and even patients. In addition, prioritization criteria for evaluating new technologies, in general, do not consider criteria other than financial ones for a more inclusive and assertive decision-making for the treatment of the population at higher risk of fracture. Thus, this article aims to revisit some different points of view and bring a reflection on criteria and priorities in osteoporosis. For this, the perspective of multiple stakeholders in the health decision-making process was considered, as well as the failures in the care of this highly prevalent disease that, in addition to the great economic impact generated for society, causes emotional repercussions, disability generated by fractures and fear of further falls or minor trauma.

Perception of pharmacists regarding human resources, training, and development of a national hospital pharmacy: a preliminary report on Basel Statements

Abstract The hospital pharmacy needs a constant process of evaluation and monitoring of its activities. In Brazil, several agencies establish tasks and duties for pharmacists, but little is known about the compliance and the perception of the professional regarding these policies. The present study aims to characterize the pharmacist's perception of Brazilian hospital pharmacy policies according to the Basel Statements. A search was performed for the contacts of all medium and high complexity hospitals in the country. Subsequently, a questionnaire elaborated following the Basel Statements was sent by e-mail to hospital pharmacists throughout the country. The domain analyzed was "Human Resources, Training, and Development". Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 19.0. Pharmacists representing a total of 111 hospitals from all Brazilian regions answered the survey questionnaire and showed that more than half of the hospital pharmacists perceive themselves as not complying, whether in the service of local, national, or pharmaceutical education. Besides updating the professionals in relation to national policies, it is necessary that the representative bodies of the pharmaceutical class be more present in the elaboration and evaluation of the policies directed to human resources, seeking uniformity and the possibility of carrying out the activities required.

Associação entre a presença de anemia ferropriva com variáveis socioeconômicas e rendimento escolar / Association between the occurence of iron-deficiency anemia with socioeconomic variables and school performance

Modelo do estudo: Observacional transversal. Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre a presença de anemia ferropriva com variáveis socioeconômicas e rendimento escolar. Método: Foram incluídas no estudo 124 crianças com idade entre seis e oito anos, estudantes do ensino fundamental de escolas municipais, as quais foram divididas em dois grupos de acordo com a presença (n=32) ou ausência de anemia (n=92). Os níveis de hemoglobina e ferro sérico foram determinados por método colorimétrico, a contagem de hemácias foi realizada utilizando a câmara de Neubauer, o hematócrito foi avaliado utilizando centrífuga de microhematócrito, e foram calculados os índices hematimétricos volume corpuscular médio, hemoglobina corpuscular média e concentração de hemoglobina corpuscular média. O desempenho escolar das crianças foi fornecido pelas escolas participantes e as variáveis socioeconômicas foram obtidas através de preenchimento de ficha clínica e do questionário socioeconômico da Associação Brasileira das Empresas de Pesquisa pelos pais ou responsáveis. Resultados: A prevalência de anemia ferropriva nos escolares foi de 25,8% que é considerada pelos parâmetros da OMS uma prevalência moderada. Foi observada uma maior proporção de crianças sem anemia que apresentaram melhores conceitos escolares e que pertencem aos níveis socioeconômicos mais altos do que de crianças com anemia. Contudo, não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos com relação ao rendimento escolar e as variáveis socioeconômicas. Conclusão: Uma prevalência moderada de anemia ferropriva foi encontrada nas crianças com idade entre seis e oitos anos, entretanto, não foi observada uma associação significativa entre a anemia ferropriva com variáveis socioeconômicas e o rendimento escolar. (AU)

Study design: Cross-sectional observational. Objective: Evaluate the association between the occurence of iron-deficiency anemia with socioeconomic variables and school performance. Method: They were included in the study 124 children aged between six and eight years old, municipal elementary school students, which were divided in two groups according to the presence (n=32) or absence of anemia (n=92). Hemoglobin and serum iron levels were determined by colorimetric method, red blood cells count was performed using Neubauer chamber, hematocrit was evaluated using microhematocrit centrifuge, and mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration hematimetric indexes were calculated. The school performance of children was provided by participating schools and socioeconomic variables were obtained by filling out the clinic file and the socioeconomic questionnaire of Brazilian Association of Research Companies by parents or guardians. Results: The prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia in school children was 25.8%, which is considered to be moderate. The proportion of better school grades was higher in children without anemia and in those belonging to the upper socioeconomic levels. However, it was not observed statistically differences between groups regarding school performance and socioeconomic variables. Conclusion: A moderate prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia was found in children aged between six and eight years old, however, it was not observed a significant association between irondeficiency anemia with socioeconomic variables and school performance. (AU)